Pump / Force Main System in InfoSWMM and SWMM 5 - with Emojis

Subject: 🚀 Pump / Force Main System in InfoSWMM and SWMM 5

Introduction: 💡 The Pump/Force Main system in InfoSWMM and SWMM 5 is a critical component for effective wastewater management. It ensures that wastewater flows smoothly from its source to the desired destination. Let's explore its components and the steps to set it up!

📌 The Basic System:

• Wet Well with its parameters 🕳️
• Pump Type 🔄
• Defined Pump Curve 📈
• Downstream Pressure Node 📍
• Downstream Force Main 🛤️

Figure 1:  The Basic System

Step 1: Wet Well Data 📋

• Input the invert elevation and maximum depth of the Wet Well.
• Define the shape, considering evaporation or infiltration factors.

Step 2: Define the Pump Type 🔄

• The pump's operation is guided by its Pump Curve and the set On and Off elevations.
• The four primary pump types include:
  • Volume - Flow 🌊
  • Depth – Flow 📏
  • Head – Flow 📌
  • Depth - Flow 📊

Step 3: Define the Pump Curve 📈

• Under the Operation Tab, outline the desired pump curve to ensure efficient pump functioning.

Step 3:  Define the Pump Curve in the Operation Tab 

Step 4: Set a Surcharge or Pressure Depth 🌡️

• By setting a positive Surcharge Depth at the Downstream node, you ensure that during the simulation, the node remains pressurized, driving the flow through the Force Main.

• This plot offers a visual representation of the hydraulic gradient line (HGL) for the Force Main System, showcasing the pressure changes within the system.

• Define the downstream conduits emerging from the pump as Force Mains.
• Choose either the Hazen Williams or Darcy-Weisbach coefficient based on your requirements. (This is typically set in SWMM 5 options or InfoSWMM's Run Manager.)

Step 5: Force Main Data 🛤️

Step 6: HGL Plot of the Force Main System 📊

  

Step 7: Pump Summary 📑

• Refer to the RPT File to get a comprehensive summary of the pump's performance and other related parameters.

Conclusion: 🌟 Setting up the Pump/Force Main system in InfoSWMM and SWMM 5 is a meticulous process but ensures efficient and effective wastewater management. Following these steps will ensure a robust system in place! 🚀🌊🛠️

Water Quality Processes in a Subcatchment and Node/Link System of SWMM 5

Subject:  Water Quality Processes in a Subcatchment and Node/Link System of SWMM 5

Manhole Elevations in InfoSWMM and SWMM 5

Subject: Manhole Elevations in InfoSWMM and SWMM 5

Starting from the bottom of the manhole you have these regions of computational interest:

1.   Manhole Invert to the lowest link invert – the node continuity equation is used with the area of the manhole being the default surface area of a manhole,

2.   Lowest Link Invert to the Highest Link Crown Elevation – the node continuity equation is used with surface of the node being normally half of the surface area of the incoming and outgoing links,

3.   Highest Manhole Pipe Crown Elevation to Manhole Rim Elevation – the node surcharge algorithm in which the surface area of the manhole is not used and the surcharge depth is iterated until the inflow and the outflows of the node are in balance,

4.   The region above the Manhole Rim Elevation which can use one of four options to calculate the depth and/or flow out of or into the manhole:

1.   No Surcharge Depth is entered and No Ponding area is used – the excess water into the manhole is lost to the network and shows up as internal outflow in the continuity tables,

2.   A Ponding Area is used and the excess flow will  pond on the surface of the manhole and later go back down into the conveyance pipes.

3.   A Surcharge Depth is used and the depth will continue to be calculated using the node surcharge algorithm in which the surface area of the manhole is not used and the surcharge depth is iterated until the inflow and the outflows of the node are in balance,

4.   A Dual Drainage system is simulated and the excess flow of the manhole is simulated in the street gutters or the actual street,

5.   You use a 1D/2D linkage between the 1D manhole and 1D links to a 2D Mesh and simulate the flow out and the flow into the manhole using a bottom outlet orifice that switches automatically between weir and orifice flow based on the depth on top of the manhole. 

This is how you use the batch file in SWMM 5 to make a Report

This is how you use the batch file in SWMM 5 to make a Report 

Step 1:  You make a bat file - here is a sample file that uses the swmm5.exe program 

swmm5.exe Example1.inp  D:\swmm5.0.021\bob.rpt

pause  

Step 2:  Set up the Report Data in the input file

[REPORT]

CONTROLS NO

NODES   ALL

LINKS   ALL

Step 3:  Run the program 

Step 4:  Look at the RPT Output file for the node and link

  <<< Link 14 >>>

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             Flow  Velocity     Depth   Percent       TSS      Lead

  Date        Time            CFS    ft/sec      feet      Full      MG/L      UG/L

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  JAN-01-1998 01:00:00      0.000     0.000     0.000       0.0     0.000     0.000

  JAN-01-1998 02:00:00      0.302     3.835     0.157      15.7    83.361    16.672

  JAN-01-1998 03:00:00      0.648     4.791     0.228      22.8    65.616    13.123

  JAN-01-1998 04:00:00      1.487     6.071     0.350      35.0    50.235    10.047

  JAN-01-1998 05:00:00      1.081     5.559     0.296      29.6    54.180    10.836

  JAN-01-1998 06:00:00      0.410     4.222     0.181      18.1    71.439    14.288

  JAN-01-1998 07:00:00      0.039     2.194     0.057       5.7   144.040    28.808

  JAN-01-1998 08:00:00      0.001     0.000     0.008       0.8     1.282     0.256

  JAN-01-1998 09:00:00      0.000     0.000     0.005       0.5     0.031     0.006

  JAN-01-1998 10:00:00      0.000     0.000     0.004       0.4     0.002     0.000

  JAN-01-1998 11:00:00      0.000     0.000     0.003       0.3     0.000     0.000

  JAN-01-1998 12:00:00      0.000     0.000     0.002       0.2     0.000     0.000

  JAN-01-1998 13:00:00      0.000     0.000     0.002       0.2     0.000     0.000

How to Save Selected Nodes and Links in InfoSWMM

Note:   How to Save Selected Nodes and Links in InfoSWMM

Step 1:  Decide what Nodes and Links you want to save.

Step 2:  You can read the flow, velocity, depth and capacity from the RPT Text File.

How to change the Maximum Infiltration in a DB Table of InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM

Note:  How to change the Maximum Infiltration in a DB Table of InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM

There are a lot of methods in InfoSWMM and H20MAP SWMM to change the infiltration data.  You have the ability to change it for

1.      an individual subcatchment using the Attribute Browser

2.      by soil type and

3.      the coverage of the soil over all of the subcatchments – this will alter the areal weighted average of the infiltration data

You have layers of infiltration data in the interface to your model data.  The infiltration parameters are defined per soil as in a real watershed and the subcatchments will use the areal weighted infiltration values of all of the soils on the subcatchment.  You get more flexibility and closer to the physical reality of the subcatchment by having layers of soil on the subcatchment rather than one set of infiltration per subcatchment.  Of course if you set up one soil type per subcatchment then you will have 100 percent coverage of the same infiltration set of parameters per subcatchment.

Method 1: An Individual Subcatchment by using the Attribute Browser

Method 2: All of the Infiltration Data in the Soil Tables using the DB Editor and the Block Edit command.

Method 3:  You can also change the overall Infiltration by changing the soil coverage of the Subcatchment using the Subcatchment Infiltration table.

How to change the background color and data view in InfoSewer and InfoSWMM

Subject:  How o change the background color and data view in InfoSewer and InfoSWMM

Tip 1:  Use the command View> Data Frame Properties > Frame > Background (change color) to change the background color

Tip 2:  Use the command View> Data Frame Properties > Data Frame > Extent to change the default view in Arc GIS.  You would use this tool if you have zoom to a small point in InfoSWMM and InfoSewer.

Steps to take and rules for Cloning Datasets in InfoSWMM and InfoSewer

Note: Steps to take and rules for Cloning Datasets in InfoSWMM and InfoSewer

Before cloning an active dataset, the user should switch to the Base Scenario.  This saves the active datasets and allows the user to clone the dataset with all edits. 

This is a brief description of how datasets are created and saved. 

·         Any data the user changes are only changed in the Active data sets while the user is working in a given scenario. 

·         The modified data are not saved into the selected custom data sets until the user selects different data sets—either by selecting a new scenario or by using the Edit Active Scenario command. 

If the user changes to a new scenario that shares some of the same data sets (e.g. same pipe, valve and pump data sets), the data in these common data sets are still not updated (saved) by changing scenarios.  The user has to actually select a different custom data set of the same type to get the data to update in the custom data set (e.g. the user must select a different pipe set to get the modified pipe data to save into the selected pipe set).  Once created, a dataset is not updated (saved) until it is no longer in use by the active scenario. 

In addition, there is a fundamental difference in between BASE dataset and other dataset(s). 

·         The other dataset(s) must be explicitly created first before they can be used. 

·         BASE dataset will "never" exist until it is switched off from the active scenario. 

·         It gets implicitly created at the first time when it is released from the active scenario.  That is why BASE dataset is never found in a "new" project which has only a base scenario.

How to Make an Internal Outfall into an External Outfall when you have more than one link connected to an Outfall in SWMM5

Subject:  How to Make an Internal Outfall into an External Outfall when you have more than one link connected to an Outfall

Step 1:  Identify the Problem "ERROR 141: Outfall J-561 has more than 1 inlet link or an outlet link." Means you have an outfall node in the middle of your model.

Step 2:  Make a new outfall.

Step 3:  Make the new Outfall  have the same invert as the old outfall 

Step 4:  Convert the older outfall  to a Junction using the Pick Axe and the Convert Type tool

Step 5:  Make a new Link connecting the old and the new Outfall

Step 6:  Convert the new Link to an  Outlet Type using the Convert Type Tool.

Step 7:  Set up the parameters for the new Outlet Link

Step 8:  For those outfalls that DO have more than one link you need to make a new Outfall.

You should be able to run the model now

The Time Base is T + T*K from the Time(T) and Storage (K) values for RDII in SWMM5

Note:  Each of the RDII UH's has a base time for the convolution of the RDII from each UH.  The Time Base is T + T*K from the Time(T) and Storage (K) values  used in the RTK data.  In this particular case:

·         The Fast UH has a time base of 22 hours,

·         The Medium UH has a time base of 430 hours, and

·         The Slow UH has a time base of 4212 hours.

If this is altered as in the  bottom image you can see the difference in the total  RDII I&I Flow

·         The Fast UH has a time base of 22 hours,

·         The Medium UH has a time base of 36 hours, and

·         The Slow UH has a time base of 52 hours.

Four cross sectional areas are used in a link of SWMM 5

Note: Four cross sectional areas are used in a link of SWMM 5. The weighted hydraulic radius (Rwtd) is a function of the Froude Number of the link and the upstream and downstream hydraulic radius.  The Rwtd value is used in the computation of the friction slope or the dq1 term in the file dynamic.c

dq1 = Time Step * RoughFactor / Rwtd^1.333 * |Velocity|

The weighted area (Awtd) is used in the dq2 term of the St. Venant equation:

            dq2 = Time Step * Awtd * (Head Downstream – Head Upstream) /  Link Length